Reprezentacije spola, seksualnosti, etničnosti in družbenega razreda v sodobnih popularnih slovenskih kriminalkah

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18690/scn.18.1.%25p.2025

Keywords:

contemporary Slovenian crime novels, representations, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, social class

Abstract

Representations of Gender, Sexuality, Ethnicity and Social Class in Contemporary Popular Slovenian Crime Novels. The article presents a systematic deconstructive and thematic analysis of the representations of gender, sexuality, ethnicity and social class in thirty-five contemporary popular novels by Sergej Verč, Tone Frelih, Avgust Demšar, Tadej Golob, Irena Svetek and Mojca Širok. Drawing on existing studies that deal with the conservatism of the genre and the culture studies’ distinction between the conservative poetics of detective fiction and its (potentially subversive) politics of  representations, the author formulates a three-part classification of regimes of representations. The analysis shows that the Slovenian crime novels under consideration, despite some critical implications, fit into conservative and liberal regimes of representation. The dominant representations are beyond the critical regime of representations because the other representational regimes mystify class antagonisms, which rarely find themselves at the centre of crime-motivated relationships between victims, murderers and detectives.

Author Biography

  • Primož Mlačnik, Univerza v Novi Gorici, Fakulteta za humanistiko, University of Nova Gorica, School of Humanities

    Nova Gorica, Slovenia. Email: primoz.mlacnik@ung.si

References

Richard ALEWYN, 2023 [1968]: Anatomija detektivskega romana. Memento umori II. Ur. Mirt Komel. Novo Mesto: Založba Goga.

Ulrich BECK, Elisabeth BECK-GERNSHEIM, 2002: Individualization: Institutionalized Individualism and its Social and Political Consequences. London: Sage.

Lauren BERLANT, 2011: Cruel Optimism. Durham, London: Duke University Press.

Piere BOURDIEU, 1986: Forms of Capital. Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. Ur. John Richardson. Westport: Greenwood. 242–258.

John CAWELTI, 1977: Adventure, Mystery, and Romance: Formula Stories as Art and Popular Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Antonio M. CHIESI, 2022: Back to social classes? Quaderni di Sociologia 88/46, 3–33. http://journals.openedition.org/qds/4824 (5. 7. 2024).

Monica DALL’ASTA, Jacques MIGOZZI, Federico PAGELLO, Andrew PEPPER, 2023: Introduction. Contemporary European Crime Fiction: Representing History and Politics. Ur. Monica Dall’Asta, Jacques Migozzi, Federico Pagello, Andrew Pepper. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 1–22.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2007: Olje na balkonu. Ljubljana: Založba Sanje.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2008: Retrospektiva. Ljubljana: Založba Sanje.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2009: Tanek Led. Ljubljana: Založba Sanje.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2010: Evropa. Ljubljana: Založba Sanje.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2011: Hotel Abazzia. Ljubljana: Založba Sanje.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2012: Obsedenosti v času krize. Ljubljana: Založba Sanje.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2013: Miloš. Maribor: Založba Litera.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2016: Pohorska transverzala. Maribor: Založba Pivec.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2018: Otok. Maribor: Založba Pivec.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2020: Cerkev. Maribor: Založba Pivec.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2022: Tajkun. Maribor: Založba Pivec.

Avgust DEMŠAR, 2024: Estonia. Maribor: Založba Pivec.

Heath A. DIEHL, 2014: »Listen to the silence«: Dismantling the Myth of a Classless Society in the Fiction of Marcia Muller and Sara Paretsky. Class and Culture in Crime Fiction: Essays on Works in English Since the 1970s. Ur. Julie H. Kim. North Carolina: McFarland & Company. 39–68.

George N. DOVE, 1982: The Police Procedural. Ohio: Bowling Green University Popular Press.

Roxanna EICHEL, 2022: Intersecting Inequalities in Romanian Crime Series Shadows (HBO). Expression of Identity between authenticity, stereotypes and »Eastploitation«. Caietele Echinox 43: 134–147. https://caieteleechinox.lett.ubbcluj.ro/wp-content/ uploads/2022/ 12/CaieteEchinox43-2022-p.134-147.pdf (1. 8. 2024).

Rita FELSKI, 2000: Doing Time: Feminist Theory and Postmodern Culture. New York; London: The New York University.

John FISKE, 1989: Understanding popular culture. New York, London: Routledge.

Tone FRELIH, 2010: Usodna laž. Ljubljana: Studio Print.

Tone FRELIH, 2011: Truplo ob progi. Ljubljana: Studio Print.

Tone FRELIH, 2012: Zamolčana resnica. Ljubljana: Studio Print.

Tone FRELIH, 2013: Grožnja s smrtjo. Ljubljana: Studio Print.

Tone FRELIH, 2015: Umor v galeriji. Ljubljana: Studio Print.

Tone FRELIH, 2017: Krvavi denar. Ljubljana: Studio Print.

Tone FRELIH, 2019: Skesanec: politična kriminalka po slovensko. Ljubljana: Studio Print.

Sascha GERHADS, 2014: Krimi Quo Vadis: Literary and Televised Trends in the German Crime Genre. Tatort Germany: The Curious Case of German-Language Crime Fiction. Ur. Lynn M. Kutch, Todd Herzog. Rochester, New York: Camden House. 41–61.

Anthony GIDDENS, 1992: The Transformation of Intimacy: Sexuality, Love and Eroticism in Modern Societies. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Tadej GOLOB, 2016: Jezero. Novo Mesto: Založba Goga.

Tadej GOLOB, 2018: Leninov park. Novo Mesto: Založba Goga.

Tadej GOLOB, 2019: Dolina rož. Novo Mesto: Založba Goga.

Tadej GOLOB, 2020: Virus. Novo Mesto: Založba Goga.

Tadej GOLOB, 2022: Koma. Novo Mesto: Založba Goga.

Tadej GOLOB, 2024: Oj, Triglav, moj dom. Novo Mesto: Založba Goga.

Antonio GRAMSCI, 1991:Selections from Cultural Writings. Ur. David Forgacs, Geoffrey Nowell-Smith. Prevedel William Boelhower. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Jean GREGOREK, 2014: Fables of Foreclosure: Tana French’s Police Procedurals of Recessionary Ireland. Class and Culture in Crime Fiction: Essays on Works in English Since the 1970s. Ur. Julie H. Kim. North Carolina: McFarland & Company. 149–174.

Stuart HALL, 1997b: The Work of Representation. Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. Ur. Stuart Hall, Jessica Evans, Sean Nixon. London; Thousand Oaks; New Delhi: SAGE. 13–74.

Stuart HALL, 1997b: Introduction. Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. Ur. Stuart Hall, Jessica Evans, Sean Nixon. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: SAGE. 1–12.

Stuart HALL, 1997c: The Spectacle of the ‘Other’. Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. Ur. Stuart Hall, Jessica Evans, Sean Nixon. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: SAGE. 223–290.

Howard HAYCRAFT, 1941: Murder for Pleasure: The Life and Times of the Detective Story. New York, London: D. Appleton-Century Company.

Per HELLGREN, 2019: Hellgren Per: Swedish Marxist Noir: The Dark Wave of Crime Writers and the Influence of Raymond Chandler. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company.

Maca JOGAN, 2008: Rekatolizacija slovenske družbe. Teorija in praksa 45/1–2, 28–52. http://dk.fdv.uni-lj.si/db/pdfs/tip20081-2_Jogan1.pdf (20. 8. 2024).

Julie H. KIM, 2014: Introduction: Class, Culture and Crime Beyond the Golden Age. Class and Culture in Crime Fiction: Essays on Works in English Since the 1970s. Ur. Julia H. Kim. North Carolina: McFarland & Company. 1–10.

Paul W. KINGSTON, 2000: The Classless Society. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Stephen KNIGHT, 1980: Form and Ideology in Crime Fiction. London, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Ronald KNOX, 1928: The Best Detective Stories of 1928. Faber, London. http://wordsintotype.ssbarnhill.com/Handout1.pdf (20. 8. 2024).

Ernest MANDEL, 1984: Delightful Murder: A Social History of the Crime Story. London: Pluto Press.

Sean MCCANN, 2000: Gumshoe America: Hard-boiled crime fiction and the rise and fall of New Deal liberalism. Durham: Duke University Press.

Neil MCCAW, 2014: Morse, Frost and the Mystery of the English Working Class. Class and Culture in Crime Fiction: Essays on Works in English Since the 1970s. Ur. Julia H. Kim. North Carolina: McFarland & Company. 11–30.

Pierre MERCKLÉ, 2012: Who is Responsible for the Disappearance of Social Classes. BMS: Bulletin of Sociological Methodology / Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique 116: 67–75. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24311327 (1. 8. 2024).

Primož MLAČNIK, 2022a: Dekonstrukcijskost manjšinskih detektivskih romanov Sergeja Verča. Studia Historica Slovenica: časopis za humanistične in družboslovne študije 22/3, 859–886. https://shs.zgodovinsko-drustvo-kovacic. si/ sites/ default/ files/ clanki/SHS-2022-2-23-Mlacnik-%28scopus%29.pdf (20. 8. 2024).

Primož MLAČNIK, 2022b: Virus: neoliberalni detektiv v imuni slovenski družbi. Filozofski vestnik 43/1, 181–200. https://ojs.zrc-sazu.si/filozofski-vestnik/ article/ download/11598/10755/33515 (20. 8. 2024).

Primož MLAČNIK, 2022c: Mlačnik Primož: Udomačeni Slovenci v detektivskih romanih Avgusta Demšarja. Jezik in slovstvo 67/3, 5–15. https://journals.uni-lj.si/jezikinslovstvo/article/view/11912/10606 (20. 8. 2024).

Primož MLAČNIK, 2023a: O kulturnem bistvu slovenskih kriminalk. Memento umori II. Ur. Mirt Komel. Novo Mesto: Goga. 297–315.

Primož MLAČNIK, 2023b: Poetika umorov v popularnih slovenskih kriminalkah iz perspektiv kriminoloških teorij. Slavia Centralis 16/12, 296–307. https://journals.um.si/index.php/slaviacentralis/article/view/3465 (20. 8. 2024).

Primož MLAČNIK, 2024: Raziskovalni podatki korpusa slovenskih kriminalk Sergeja Verča, Toneta Freliha, Avgusta Demšarja, Tadeja Goloba, Mojce Širok in Irene Svetek s perspektiv spola, etničnosti in razreda. Zaključena znanstvena zbirka raziskovalnih podatkov. Nova Gorica: Univerza v Novi Gorici. https: //repozitorij. ung.si /IzpisGradiva.php? lang=slv&id=9168 (3. 7. 2024).

Erik OLIN WRIGHT, 1997: Class Counts: Comparative Studies in Class Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Jan PAKULSKI, Malcom WATERS, 1996: The Death of Class. London: SAGE.

Jerry PALMER, 1979: Thrillers: Genesis and Structure of a Popular Genre. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Thomas PIKETTY, 2013: Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Harvard: Harvard University Press.

Barbara PREGELJ, 2007: Zgledno omledno: trivialno v slovenski postmoderni književnosti. Ljubljana: Slavistično društvo Slovenije.

Gayle S. RUBIN, 2007: Thinking Sex: Notes for a Radical Theory of the Politics of Sexuality. Culture, Society and Sexuality: A Reader. Ur. Richard Parker, Peter Aggleton. New York, London: Routledge. 150–188.

José V. SAVAL, 2020: Crime Fiction and Politics. The Routledge Companion to Crime Fiction. Ur. Janice Allan, Jesper Guddal, Stewart King, Andrew Pepper. Oxon, New York: Routledge. 327–334.

Beverly SKEGGS, 2002: Formations of Class and Gender: Becoming Respectable. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: SAGE.

Peter STANKOVIĆ 2018: Politike popa: Uvod v kulturne študije. Ljubljana: Fakulteta za družbene vede.

Peter STANKOVIĆ, 2022: Simbolni imaginarij sodobne slovenske narodnozabavne glasbe. Ljubljana: Fakulteta za družbene vede.

Irena SVETEK, 2021: Rdeča kapica. Ljubljana: Založba Beletrina.

Irena SVETEK, 2022: Beli Volk. Ljubljana: Založba Beletrina.

Irena SVETEK, 2023: Črni princ. Ljubljana: Založba Beletrina.

Mojca ŠIROK, 2021 [2018]: Pogodba. Druga izdaja, prvi ponatis. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga.

Mojca ŠIROK, 2023a [2021]: Evidenca. Druga izdaja. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga.

Mojca ŠIROK, 2023b: Praznina. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga.

Iztok ŠORI, 2015: Samskost: med ideologijo družine in ideologijo izbire. Maribor: Aristej.

Veblen THORSTEIN, 2007 [1899]: The Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study of Institutions. Oxford: Oxford University Press: Oxford.

S. S. VAN DINE, 1982: Dvajset pravil za pisanje detektivskih zgodb. Memento umori. Ur. Slavoj Žižek, Rastko Močnik. Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije. 12–17.

Daniel VAUGHAN-WHITEHEAD, 2016: Europe’s Disappearing Middle Class? Evidence from the World of Work. Ur. Daniel Vaughan-Whitehead. Cheltenham; Northampton: Geneva International Labour Organization. https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@dgreports/@dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_630642.pdf. (20. 8. 2024).

Urban VEHOVAR, Jernej TIRAN, 2016: Oris izbranih kazalnikov retradicionalizacije slovenske družbe. Družboslovne razprave 32/83, 86–107. https://www.sociolosko-drustvo.si/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/DR83-Vehovar-Tiran-WEB.pdf (20. 8. 2024).

Sergej VERČ, 1991: Rolandov steber. Trst: Založništvo tržaškega tiska.

Sergej VERČ, 1998: Skrivnost turkizne meduze. Trst: ZTT EST.

Sergej VERČ, 2003: Pogrebna maškarada. Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba.

Sergej VERČ, 2009: Mož, ki je bral Disneyjeve stripe. Ljubljana: Modrijan.

Slavoj ŽIŽEK, Rastko MOČNIK, 1982: Spremna beseda. Memento umori. Ur. Slavoj Žižek, Rastko Močnik. Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije. 295–349.

Published

24.06.2025

How to Cite

Mlačnik, P. (2025). Reprezentacije spola, seksualnosti, etničnosti in družbenega razreda v sodobnih popularnih slovenskih kriminalkah. Slavia Centralis, 18(1), 88-114. https://doi.org/10.18690/scn.18.1.%p.2025

Most read articles by the same author(s)