Economic Motives and Willingness of Young People to Participate in Fraud
Ključne besede:
stališča, mlajše prebivalstvo, goljufije, finančni trgiPovzetek
Goljufije so povezane z gospodarskimi in finančnimi pritiski, ki ljudi silijo k njihovemu izvrševanju. Vsaka goljufija, ne glede na spol in starost storilcev, neizogibno pusti kratkoročen ali dolgoročen negativen pečat na gospodarstvu družbe. Številne finančne goljufije v preteklosti (Enron, WorldCom, Parmalat) so pustile globoke negativne posledice na svetovnih finančnih trgih. Takšni "finančni udarci" na finančnih trgih so povzročili finančne izgube številnih podjetij (ne le tistih, v katerih so bile storjene), odpuščanje številnih delavcev in celo stečaje podjetij. Uspešno odkrivanje in preprečevanje goljufij pomeni usklajeno in učinkovito delovanje več dejavnikov. Eden od njih je odnos ljudi do goljufij. Razumeti je treba, kaj posameznika motivira za goljufije in pod kakšnimi pogoji bi nekdo zagrešil goljufijo. Veliko sredstev in časa je bilo vloženega v razumevanje motivov za goljufije odraslih, tj. zrelih ljudi. Izkušnje so pokazale, da je te ljudi veliko težje poučiti o škodljivih učinkih goljufij in jih prepričati, da goljufij ne bi počeli. Iz teh razlogov je predmet tega prispevka obravnava odnosa mlajšega prebivalstva do goljufij v Srbiji. Natančneje, članek obravnava odnos mladih, starih od 18 do 30 let, do motivov, pritiskov in priložnosti za goljufije, sodelovanje pri korupciji ali ponujanje podkupnin. Glavni cilj je nakazati nagnjenost mladih k sodelovanju pri goljufijah in preučiti, ali spol anketirancev vpliva na njihovo pripravljenost za sodelovanje pri goljufijah. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da je po mnenju mladih glavni motiv za sodelovanje pri goljufiji finančna korist, in da bi mladi sodelovali pri goljufiji le, če bi lahko prej dobili zdravniško pomoč. Odgovori anketirancev kažejo tudi, da so goljufije najbolj razširjene v javni upravi, in da bi mladi sodelovali pri goljufiji le, če bi s tem lahko prej dobili zdravniško pomoč.
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