Traditional Procurement versus Public-Private Partnership: A Comparison and Synergies with Focus on Cross-Border Contracts
Ključne besede:
javna naročila, javno-zasebno partnerstvo, čezmejne pogodbe, čezmejni razpisiPovzetek
Vladne nabave so pomemben del svetovnega gospodarstva. Prodajanje javnemu sektorju je ključna poslovna dejavnost za nekatere industrije ali ponudnike storitev. Privlačnost segmenta javnih naročil izražajo tudi varnost plačil in velike količine dobav. Z globalizacijo kot svetovnim pojavom podjetja ne računajo samo na domače institucije; vstopajo lahko tudi na mednarodne trge B2G. Vendar pa je zmožnost zasebnih podjetij, da poslujejo s tujimi vladami, omejena z raznovrstno nacionalno zakonodajo, saj vlade uvajajo regulative javnih naročil glede na njihove nacionalne interese. V tem članku avtorji analizirajo dva ključna tipa javnih naročil – tradicionalnega in javno-zasebno partnerstvo, z vidikov nedavnih razvojnih trendov, mednarodnega regulativnega okvira ter priložnosti in ovir za vstop evropskih podjetij. Ključni cilj prispevka je definirati ključne razlike in mogoče sinergije tradicionalnih javnih naročil in javno-zasebnega partnerstva z osredotočanjem na čezmejne pogodbe. Ta članek je mogoče obravnavati kot uporabnega za podjetja, akademsko skupnost, kot tudi za javni sektor.
Literatura
BusinessInfo. (2017). Proč v Česku nefunguje PPP? (Why does PPP not work in the Czech Republic?). Retrieved from https://www.businessin-fo.cz/clanky/proc-v-cesku-nefunguje-ppp/
EBRD. (2006). Core Principles for a Modern Concessions Law. Retrieved from https://www.ebrd.com/cs/Satellite?c=Content&cid=1395238764510&pagename=EBRD/Content/ContentLayout
EBRD. (2017). Public Procurement: Is open competition good for small and medium-sized enterprises?. Retrieved from https://www.ebrd.com/cs/Satellitec=Content&cid=1395256480342&pagename=EBRD%2FContent%2FDownloadDocument
European Commission. (2011). Final Report: Cross-border procurement above EU threshold. Retrieved from https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/0e081ac5-8929-458d-b078-a20676009324
E&Y. (2015). Public-private partnerships and the global infrastructure challenge. Retrieved from http://www.fa.ru/org/chair/gchp/Documents/biblio/EY-public-private-partnerships-and-the-global.pdf
Gourdon, J., & Messent, J. (2017). How government procurement measures can affect trade. OECD Trade Policy Papers, No. 199. OECD Publishing, Paris. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/d1ab07b8-en.pdf?expires=1577798423&id=id&ac-cname=guest&checksum=1BCE7441D0256B09E63F89C2E764EEB1
Hoekman, B., & Kostecki, M. (2009). The Political Economy of the World Trading System, the WTO and Beyond, third edition. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-55577-8.
Kommerskollegium. (2011). Cross-border public procurement – EU perspective. Retrieved from https://www.kommers.se/Documents/dokumentarkiv/publikationer/2011/rapporter/Report%20-%20Crossborder%20Public%20Procurement.pdf
Kubátová, K. et al. (2013). Fiskální a měnová politika a jejich vliv na mezinárodní podnikání a konkurenceschopnost v zemích EU. (Fiscal and monetary policy and their impact on international entrepreneurship and competitiveness in the EU countries). Vydavatelství a nakla- datelství Aleš Čeněk, Plzeň. ISBN 978-80-7380-493-0.
Lexis. (n.d.). PFI (Public Finance Initiative)/PPP (Public Private Partnerships) and procurement. Retrieved from https://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/lexispsl/bankingandfinance/document/391289/5D5H-YTC1-F185-X42J-00000-00/PFI-(Private-Finance-Initiative)-PPP-(Pub- lic-Private-Partnerships)-and-procurement#
MFČR. (2004). Public Private Partnership. Politika vlády České republiky v oblasti Partnerství veřejného a soukromého sektoru. (PPP. Government policy in the Czech Republic for PPP). Retrieved from https://www.mfcr.cz/cs/verejny-sektor/podpora-z-narodnich-zdroju/partnerstvi-verejneho-a-soukromeho-sekto/zakladni-informace
Němec, J. (2018). Jak investovaly české vlády: Nejvíce se utrácelo během hospodářské krize. (How did Czech governments invest? They spent the most during the Great Recession.) Retrieved from https://ekonom.ihned.cz/c1-66019890-vladni-investice-nejvic-se-utracelo-behem-krize
Neumannová P., & Štěrbová, L. (2018a). International Public Procurement Market from the EU Business Perspective. 18th International Joint Conference: Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment. Prague: Oeconomica Publishing House. Retrieved from https://ceeconference.vse.cz/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/proceedings2018.pdf
Neumannová P., & Štěrbová, L. (2018b). WTO Government Procurement Agreement: History and Future. E-Leader International Journal. Retrieved from https://www.g-casa.com/conferences/warsaw/papers_pdf/Neumannova%20Sterbova.pdf
OECD. (2012). Recommendation of the Council on Principles for Public Governance of Public-Private partnerships. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/governance/budgeting/PPP-Recommendation.pdf
OECD. (2017). Government at a glance 2017. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/gov_glance-2017-en.pdf?expires=1554457001&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=46ACB019507E49CE1647F8E6B983187D
Ostřížek, J. (2010). Impact of the Public-Private-Partnership projects on the economy of the Czech Republic.
Pavel, J. (2013). Veřejné zakázky a efektivnost. (Public procurement and efficiency). Ekopress, Prague. ISBN 978-80-87865-04-0.
European Court of Auditors. (2018). Public Private Partnerships in the EU: Widespread shortcomings and limited benefits. Retrieved from https://www.eca.europa.eu/Lists/ECADocuments/SR18_09/SR_PPP_EN.pdf
Sýkorová, J. (2009). Proč se Čechům do PPP projektů nechce. (Why are Czechs not interested in PPP.) Retrieved from https://www.euro.cz/byznys/proc-se-cechum-do-ppp-projektu-nechce-893249
Transparency International. (2010). Partnerství veřejného a soukromého sektoru v České republice. (PPP in the Czech Republic). Retrieved from https://www.transparency.cz/publikace-a-analyzy/partnerstvi-verejneho-soukromeho-sektoru-ceske-republice-pro/
Trionfetti, F. (2000). Discriminatory Public Procurement and International Trade. The World Economy, 23(1), 57-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9701.00262
UN. (2001). Legislative guide on privately funded infrastructure projects, documents A/CN.9/SER.B/4. Retrieved from https://www.uncitral.org/pdf/english/texts/procurem/pfip/guide/pfip-e.pdf
World Bank. (2004). Electronic Government Procurement Roadmap, prepared for the Procurement Harmonization Project of The Asian Development Bank, The Inter-American Development Bank and The World Bank. Retrieved from https://www.ebrd.com/cs/Satellite?c=Content&cid=1395248698190&pagename=EBRD%2FContent%2FDownloadDocument
Wouters, J., & DeMeester, B. (2007). The World Trade Organization: A legal and institutional analysis. Intersentia, Antwerpen-Oxford. WTO. (2019). Agreement on Government Procurement. Retrieved from https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/gproc_e/gp_gpa_e.htm